Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

At which anatomical level does the aorta divide into the two common iliac arteries?

1. Third lumbar vertebra

2. Fifth lumbar vertebra

3. First sacral vertebra

4. Seventh cervical vertebra

The correct answer is: Fifth lumbar vertebra

The aorta divides into the two common iliac arteries at the fifth lumbar vertebra. This anatomical landmark is important in both clinical and educational settings because it helps healthcare providers understand vascular anatomy and its implications during assessments and procedures. The bifurcation typically occurs at the level of the intervertebral disc between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, which is near the lower back region of the body. Additionally, knowing this specific vertebral level can assist EMTs and other medical professionals when responding to trauma, performing CPR, or placing intraosseous access if needed. The other options provided refer to vertebral levels that do not correspond to the typical site of bifurcation of the aorta, making them inaccurate in this context. For example, the third lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra are situated too high and too low, respectively, in relation to the aortic bifurcation. The seventh cervical vertebra is part of the cervical region of the spine, which is far removed from the origin and course of the aorta. Understanding the correct anatomical landmarks is crucial for optimal patient care and management in emergency medical situations.