Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Which characteristic does NOT indicate adequate breathing in an adult?

1. Normal respiratory rate

2. Symmetrical chest movement

3. Clear breath sounds

4. Asymmetrical chest movement

The correct answer is: Asymmetrical chest movement

Adequate breathing in an adult is characterized by several key factors that demonstrate proper airflow and lung function. A normal respiratory rate signifies that the individual is breathing within a typical range, which usually falls between 12 to 20 breaths per minute for adults. Symmetrical chest movement indicates that both sides of the chest rise and fall evenly during inhalation and exhalation, reflecting effective diaphragm and intercostal muscle function. Clear breath sounds are an essential indicator of unobstructed airways; they signify that air is moving freely in and out of the lungs without any blockages such as wheezing or stridor. Asymmetrical chest movement, however, suggests an abnormality in breathing mechanics. This could be due to a variety of factors, including trauma, lung disease, or conditions affecting the structures of the thoracic cavity. When one side of the chest does not move in sync with the other, it may indicate issues such as pneumothorax (collapsed lung) or hemothorax (blood in the pleural space), both of which can severely compromise an individual’s ability to breathe adequately. Thus, the presence of asymmetrical chest movement is a clear signal of inadequate breathing and potential respiratory distress.